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Objective
This study aimed to examine (1) whether the Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities intervention (SHHC) improved social network members’ (SNMs’) weight, exercise, and diet and (2) whether SNMs’ weight and behavioral changes were modified by their relationship closeness and/or spatial closeness with trial participants.
Methods
Eight towns received the SHHC intervention, which focused on building...
Objective
To estimate the effect of BMI on cause‐specific hospital admissions and costs in men and women is not well understood, and this study’s aim is to address this.
Methods
For 451,320 men and women aged 40 years or older recruited into the UK Biobank, followed up for 6 years on average, this study estimated annual rates and costs (at 2016 UK prices) of hospital admissions, overall and by...
Objective
This study aimed to compare two energy‐restricted, nutrient‐dense diets at the upper or lower ends of the dietary fat recommendation range (lower fat [20% energy from fat] versus moderate fat [35%]) on weight loss using behavioral theory–based nutrition education.
Methods
A total of 101 premenopausal women with overweight or obesity were randomized to an energy‐restricted lower‐fat or...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations between fat mass (i.e., body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], and waist to hip ratio [WTHR]) and hippocampal volumes.
Methods
UK Biobank participants (N = 20,395) aged 40 to 70 years (mean follow‐up = 7.66 years), were included and categorized into one of four groups, which represented their baseline...
Objective
This study aimed to examine the prospective associations of general and abdominal obesity patterns with carotid plaque development among early postmenopausal Chinese women.
Methods
A total of 518 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 64 years were recruited between 2002 and 2004 and were followed up at 3 years and 5 years. Carotid plaque was measured using B‐mode ultrasonography, whereas general...
Obesity treatment is highly stigmatized, mainly because of the stigma of obesity itself. The frequent withdrawal of medications, lorcaserin being the last example, contributes to this stigma, but it is also probably a reflection of it, as data suggest that the threshold for a withdrawal is lower than with other classes of drugs. Safety should always be an absolute priority for every new medication,...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate whether the NLRP3 inflammasome in Kupffer cells (KCs) can be activated in response to high glucose (HG) and to evaluate its influence on hepatic insulin sensitivity.
Methods
Primary KCs and hepatocytes were isolated from mice, and lipid accumulation, glucose output, and insulin sensitivity of hepatocytes were investigated after culturing either alone or...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise intensity on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and liver fat reduction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) over 3 months and the maintenance of improvements over 12 months.
Methods
Forty‐two participants with CAD were randomized to three sessions/week of either 4 × 4‐minute high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) or 40 minutes...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the roles of frequency and consistency of self‐weighing in promoting weight‐loss maintenance.
Methods
Participants were 74 adults who completed a 3‐month internet‐based weight‐loss program followed by a 9‐month no‐intervention maintenance period. Frequency of self‐weighing was defined as the number of days that participants self‐weighed during the maintenance...
Objective
The COVID‐19 pandemic is rapidly spreading worldwide, notably in Europe and North America where obesity is highly prevalent. The relation between obesity and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has not been fully documented.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study analyzed the relationship between clinical characteristics, including BMI, and the requirement for...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), the worst pandemic in more than a century, has claimed >125,000 lives worldwide to date. Emerging predictors for poor outcomes include advanced age, male sex, preexisting cardiovascular disease, and risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, and, more recently, obesity. This article posits new obesity‐driven predictors of poor COVID‐19 outcomes, over and...
Objective
Administrative data are increasingly used in research and evaluation yet lack standardized guidelines for constructing measures using these data. Body weight measures from administrative data serve critical functions of monitoring patient health, evaluating interventions, and informing research. This study aimed to describe the algorithms used by researchers to construct and use weight...
Health inequities exist throughout the life course, resulting in racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in obesity and obesity‐related health complications. Obesity and its comorbidities appear to be linked to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) mortality. Approaches to reduce obesity in the time of COVID‐19 closures are urgently needed and should start early in life. In New York City, a telehealth...
Objective
The media’s framing of public health issues is closely linked to public opinion on these issues and support for interventions to address them. This study characterized geographic and temporal variation in the US media’s framing of obesity across states from 2006 to 2015.
Methods
Newspaper articles that mentioned the term obesity were drawn from Access World News (NewsBank, Inc., Naples,...
Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of empagliflozin on glycerol‐derived hepatic gluconeogenesis in adults with obesity without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using oral carbon 13 (13C)‐labeled glycerol.
Methods
A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was performed in participants with magnetic resonance imaging assessment of body fat and measurement of glycerol‐derived...
Objective
The study aim was to help the Girl Scouts of Central Maryland evaluate, quantify, and potentially modify the Girl Scouts Fierce & Fit program.
Methods
From 2018 to 2019, our Public Health Informatics, Computational, and Operations Research team developed a computational simulation model representing the 250 adolescent girls participating in the Fierce & Fit program and how their...
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